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Pre-shipment finance and post-shipment finance are two important forms of export finance provided by banks and financial institutions to support exporters at different stages of an international trade transaction. Exporting involves several expenses before the goods are shipped and also creates a need for finance after shipment until the exporter receives payment from the overseas buyer. Therefore, adequate export finance is essential for maintaining liquidity, completing export orders on time, and ensuring smooth international trade operations. Pre-shipment finance refers to the financial assistance provided to an exporter before the actual shipment of goods. It is also commonly known as packing credit because it is generally used for purchasing, processing, manufacturing, packing, and transporting goods meant for export. The main purpose of pre-shipment finance is to provide working capital to the exporter so that the exporter can fulfil an export order without facing a shortage of funds. An exporter may receive an export order from a foreign buyer or may possess a valid export contract or letter of credit. Based on appropriate export documents, the exporter can approach an authorised bank for pre-shipment finance. The bank examines the export order, the creditworthiness of the exporter, the nature of goods, the buyer, the export market, and other relevant factors before sanctioning the facility. Pre-shipment finance can be provided in different forms. Packing ________ ________ _____ __________ _______ ____ _____ ___ _____ _________ __________.
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