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In insects, moulting and metamorphosis are controlled primarily by three major hormones: ecdysone (also called moulting hormone), juvenile hormone (JH), and prothoracicotropic hormone (PTTH). These hormones work in a coordinated manner to regulate the processes of moulting and the transformation of the insect from one developmental stage to another. Prothoracicotropic hormone (PTTH) is secreted by neurosecretory cells in the insect brain and plays a key role in initiating moulting. PTTH stimulates the prothoracic glands to secrete ecdysone. Ecdysone, a steroid hormone, is crucial for triggering the moulting process. Once released into the hemolymph, ecdysone promotes the synthesis of new cuticle and the degradation of the old cuticle, enabling the insect to shed its exoskeleton and ____ ______ _________ _______ ____ ______ ___ __________ ________.
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