Ketosis
Ketosis is a metabolic state in which the body primarily relies on ketone bodies, rather than glucose, as the main source of energy. This process typically occurs when carbohydrate intake is extremely low, causing the body to deplete its stored glycogen and shift to fat metabolism. Ketosis is commonly associated with low-carbohydrate diets, prolonged fasting, and conditions such as uncontrolled diabetes.
In the absence of sufficient glucose, the liver begins to break down fatty acids into ketone bodies through a process called ketogenesis. The main ketone bodies produced are acetoacetate, β-hydroxybutyrate, and acetone. These molecules are released into the bloodstream and are transported to various tissues, including the brain, heart, and skeletal muscles, where they serve as ______ ________ ______ ___ ______ ______ ___.
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