Define cleavage in fertilized egg and give its two main characteristic features. Describe the mechanism of cleavage in the fertilized egg.

List one larval form for each of the following animal groups:

(i) Sponges

(ii) Molluscs

(iii) Cyclostomes

(iv) Hemichordates

(v) Coelentrata

Plants that flower irrespective of the length of the day.

With the help of a flow chart explain the processes involved in the initiation of flower primordial.

) Describe the various experiments conducted by scientists to analyse the developmental potency of the embryonic nuclei. Also give the conclusions drawn by the scientists from these experiments.

A mass of cells that divides to form the archesporial mother cells

Complete metamorphosis in insects