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Mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of HIV occurs during pregnancy, labor, delivery, or breastfeeding, and it is a major route of HIV infection in children. Prevention of MTCT is essential to reduce the incidence of pediatric HIV and improve child health outcomes. Antiretroviral therapy (ART) plays a central role in preventing transmission. HIV-positive pregnant women are advised to start ART as early as possible, ideally before conception or _________ __________ ______ ________ ___ _______.
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