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Counselling and therapy involving children require specialized approaches that are developmentally appropriate, ethically sound, and sensitive to the child’s emotional, cognitive, and social needs. Children often lack the verbal skills and emotional insight that adults possess, so the therapist must adopt methods suited to their level of understanding and emotional development. The do's and don'ts in child counselling are important guidelines that ensure the therapeutic process is safe, respectful, and effective. These principles span communication techniques, setting boundaries, working with families, and handling disclosures, among others. Do’s in Counselling/Therapy Involving a Child 1. Establish a Safe and Supportive Environment Children thrive in settings where they feel secure and not judged. The therapist should create a welcoming space with age-appropriate furniture, toys, and materials like drawing sheets, puppets, or clay that promote expression. For instance, a child who cannot verbally articulate trauma may express it through play therapy. Ensuring the space is physically and emotionally safe encourages trust. 2. Use Developmentally Appropriate Language and Techniques Children process experiences differently than adults. A therapist should adjust their language and communication style to match the child’s cognitive level. For example, using metaphors or storytelling can be more effective than direct questioning when helping a 6-year-old discuss feelings about parental separation. 3. Build Rapport Through Play and Interaction Play is a child’s natural medium of expression. Therapists should engage children through games, drawing, sandplay, and role-play. A 10-year-old facing bullying in school may be more open to expressing feelings through a puppet show than through verbal conversation. 4. Involve the Family System as Appropriate Parents or caregivers play a vital role in a child’s life. In many therapeutic models such as family systems therapy or structural family therapy, involving the family helps address systemic issues affecting the child. For instance, a child with conduct problems may benefit from parent training sessions to promote _____ ________ __________ ________ ________ ___ ___ ____ ___ ___.
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