Give a detailed discussion on the institutionalisation of geography as an academic discipline in the world.

The institutionalization of geography as an academic discipline was a gradual process that occurred over centuries, shaped by various intellectual, social, and political forces. The journey of geography from an area of practical knowledge to a structured academic field involved the establishment of institutions, the development of academic standards, and the formation of academic societies that collectively contributed to the professionalization of the discipline.

In the early stages, geography was largely a descriptive practice rooted in exploration and mapping, with early contributions coming from ancient civilizations like the Greeks, Egyptians, and Romans. Figures like Herodotus, Ptolemy, and Strabo laid the foundation for the study of the Earth and its features, but geography during this period was more of a general knowledge discipline rather than an academic pursuit with a clearly defined curriculum. The emphasis was often on travel and ___ __________ ____ __________ ________ ___ __________.
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