Explain various approaches to causes of criminal behaviour

Four Approaches to Criminal Behavior:

All theories of criminal behavior try to address the question of why people commit crime on the assumption that such a course of action is inexplicable therefore criminals are somehow different from the rest of us, and that there might be a single cause of criminal behavior. Most psychological researches tells that our behavior is a complex interaction between genetic, environmental, social and cultural factors.

Different Theories of Criminal Behavior

The Theory of Cesaro Lomborso:

The classified criminals into three main categories:-

The Atavists or hereditary criminals.—He also termed them as born-criminals. In his opinion born-criminals were of a distinct type who could not refrain from indulging in criminality and environment had no relevance whatsoever to the crimes committed by the Atavist.

Insane criminals.—The second category of criminals according to him congested of insane criminals who resorted to criminality on account certain mental depravity or disorder.

Criminoids.—The Third category of criminals according to him was those of criminoids who were physical criminal type and had a tendency to commit crime to overcome their inferiority in order to meet the needs of survival.

The Theory of Enrico Ferri:

Enrico Ferri was a chief exponent of the positive school of criminology. He challenged Lombrosian view of criminality. Through his scholarly researches he proved that may are biological reasons were not enough to account for criminality. He believed that emotional reaction, social infirmity or geographical conditions also play a vital role in determining criminal tendencies in man. He emphasized that criminal behavior is an out come of a variety of factors having their combined effect on the individual. According to him social change, which is inevitable in a dynamic society, result in disharmony, conflict and cultural variation.

The Theory of Gabriel Tarde:

Gabriel de Tarde, asserted that influence of social environment was most emphatic on the criminal behavior and the biological and physical factors one had a casual effect on it. He pointed out that law of insertion and imitation ___ ____ _______ ___ _______ ___ ___ ____ _______ __________ _____ __________.
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