Explain two approaches used to improve system performance by overlapping input, output and processing in CPU

Two approaches commonly used to improve system performance by overlapping input, output, and processing in a CPU are pipelining and multithreading.

1. Pipelining: Pipelining is a technique that allows overlapping of different stages of instruction execution. In a CPU pipeline, instructions are divided into multiple stages, and each stage performs a specific operation on an _____ ________ ________ _____ ________ ___ ___ _________ ______ _______ ___ _____.
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