Explain the role of iodine in synthesis of thyroid hormones.

Iodine is crucial for the synthesis of thyroid hormones, primarily thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3), which are essential for regulating metabolism, growth, and development in the body. The process begins in the thyroid gland, where iodine is actively transported from the bloodstream into thyroid follicular cells. This transport is mediated by the sodium-iodide symporter (NIS), which couples the uptake of ___ ______ _______ _________ ____ _____.
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