Explain the phases of microbial growth curve in batch culture.
The microbial growth curve in a batch culture typically consists of four distinct phases: the lag phase, the log (exponential) phase, the stationary phase, and the death (decline) phase.
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Lag Phase: This is the initial phase when microorganisms are introduced into a fresh culture medium. During this phase, cells are metabolically active but do not divide. They are adapting to the new environment, synthesizing enzymes, proteins, and other cellular components ______ ___ _______ _______ _________ ______ __________ ___ __________ _____.
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