Explain the main assumptions of liberalism. How is it different from R

Question

Explain the main assumptions of liberalism. How is it different from Realism?

19 Dec 2024

Answer :

Word Count : 1309

Liberalism is one of the major theoretical approaches to understanding international relations (IR). It emerged as a response to the harshness and conflict-prone nature of realism, offering a more optimistic view of international politics. The main assumptions of liberalism focus on cooperation, the potential for progress, and the importance of institutions in fostering peaceful relations between states. These assumptions are quite distinct from the core tenets of realism, which emphasize power, conflict, and the inevitability of competition in international politics.

Key Assumptions of Liberalism

Human Nature and Progress: Liberalism is grounded in the belief that human beings are capable of rationality and cooperation. Unlike realism, which sees humans as inherently power-seeking and conflict-driven, liberals argue that people have the capacity for cooperation and can overcome the impulse toward violence and domination. This view extends to international relations, where liberalism assumes that states, like individuals, can act in ways that benefit others, rather than always pursuing their own narrow self-interest.
Importance of International Institutions: One of the most important elements of liberal thought in international relations is the belief in the efficacy of international institutions. Liberals argue that institutions such as the United Nations, the World Trade Organization, and various regional organizations help to reduce the likelihood of war and promote peace through the creation __________ ________ ___ _______ _____ _____ __________ _______ ________.
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