Explain the inventions that may be patented and the ones that may not be patented with reasons?

Under Indian Patent Law, the Patents Act, 1970, as amended by subsequent legislations, governs the grant of patents. It provides a clear framework for the types of inventions that are patentable and those that are excluded from patentability. To answer this question, let us first explore the criteria for patentable inventions, followed by a detailed discussion of inventions that cannot be patented, with reasons and relevant sections of the law.

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### Inventions That May Be Patented  
To qualify for a patent in India, an invention must meet the following essential criteria under Section 2(1)(j) and Section 3 of the Patents Act, 1970:

#### 1. Novelty (Newness)  
- The invention must be new and should not have been anticipated by any prior publication, use, or public disclosure anywhere in the world before the filing date of the patent application.  
- Example: A unique method of producing renewable energy that has not been previously disclosed.

#### 2. Inventive Step (Non-Obviousness)  
- The invention should involve a significant technical advancement or an economic benefit that is not obvious to a person skilled in the art.  
- Example: An improved drug delivery mechanism using nanotechnology.

#### 3. Industrial Applicability  
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