Explain the Hadoop architecture with a focus on HDFS and the master/slave architecture. How do NameNode and DataNodes work together to store and manage large datasets? Provide a basic example of this storage process.

Hadoop is an open-source framework designed to handle large-scale data processing and storage using a distributed computing model. It is built on a master-slave architecture and includes various components, with Hadoop Distributed File System (HDFS) being the most fundamental for data storage. HDFS follows a distributed architecture where data is divided into blocks and stored across multiple nodes in a cluster.  

### Hadoop Architecture and Master-Slave Model  

Hadoop operates on a master-slave model, consisting of:  
1. Master Nodes – These nodes manage and coordinate cluster operations. The NameNode is a key master node in HDFS responsible for metadata management.  
2. Slave Nodes – These nodes store the actual data and perform computations. DataNodes are the slave nodes in HDFS that store and retrieve data.  

The two core components of Hadoop related to this architecture are:  
1. HDFS (Hadoop Distributed File System) – A distributed storage system that splits large ____ ___ _______ _________ _________ _____ __________ ______ ____ ______ ____ ______.
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