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A 3×8 decoder is a combinational logic circuit used to decode a 3-bit input into one of eight output lines. It has three binary input lines, which can represent any number from 0 to 7 (in binary, from 000 to 111). Based on the 3-bit input, the decoder activates one of its eight output lines while keeping all the other output lines at a low state (0). This process is called "decoding," and it is used in various applications such as memory addressing, multiplexing, and data routing.

Functioning of a 3×8 Decoder

A 3×8 decoder takes 3 binary input bits and decodes them into 8 distinct output lines. For each unique combination of input bits, one of the eight outputs is set to high (1), and the remaining outputs remain low (0). The decoder has 3 input bits (let's call them A, B, and C) and 8 output lines (Y0, Y1, Y2, ..., Y7).

The function of the 3×8 decoder can be understood using its truth table, which lists all possible input combinations and their corresponding outputs.

Truth Table of a 3×8 Decoder

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A	B	C	Y0	Y1	Y2	Y3	Y4	Y5	Y6	Y7
0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
0	0	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0
0	1	0	0	0