Explain the following lines with reference to context:

(i) This is my son, mine own Telemachus,
To whom I leave the sceptre and the isle,—
Well-loved of me, discerning to fulfil
This labour, by slow prudence to make mild
A rugged people, and thro' soft degrees
Subdue them to the useful and the good.

(ii) A tap at the pane, the quick sharp scratch
And blue spurt of a lighted match,
And a voice less loud, thro’ its joys and fears,
Than the two hearts beating each to each!

(iii) This said, he left them, and return'd no more.—
But rumours hung about the country-side,
That the lost Scholar long was seen to stray,
Seen by rare glimpses, pensive and tongue-tied,
In hat of antique shape, and cloak of grey,
The same the gypsies wore.

(iv) One may lead a horse to water,
Twenty cannot make him drink.
Though the goblins cuffed and caught her,
Coaxed and fought her,
Bullied and besought her,
Scratched her, pinched her black as ink,’
Kicked and knocked her,
Mauled and mocked her,
Lizzie uttered not a word.

(i) "This is my son, mine own Telemachus,  
To whom I leave the sceptre and the isle,—  
Well-loved of me, discerning to fulfil  
This labour, by slow prudence to make mild  
A rugged people, and thro' soft degrees  
Subdue them to the useful and the good."

This passage is from Alfred Lord Tennyson's *Ulysses*, in which Ulysses, the legendary Greek hero, speaks about his son Telemachus. Ulysses is an old king who has ruled for many years but feels dissatisfied with the mundane life of domesticity. In this excerpt, he speaks to his companions, addressing them about his son, who is now ready to take over the responsibilities of the throne. Ulysses refers to Telemachus as "mine own Telemachus," indicating his deep paternal affection. The mention of the "sceptre and the isle" symbolizes his kingdom and the authority he passes on to Telemachus.

Ulysses speaks with pride, describing his son as someone "well-loved of me" and capable of fulfilling his duties. He acknowledges that Telemachus is a patient and wise leader, someone who will slowly, through "prudence," guide the "rugged people"—likely the rough and unruly subjects of the kingdom—towards improvement. The phrase "make mild" suggests that Telemachus will work to tame the people and govern them with gentle wisdom, gradually bringing them to be "useful and good." This passage illustrates Ulysses’ recognition of his son's potential, contrasting the old king's adventurous, restless spirit with Telemachus’ more cautious, methodical approach to leadership.

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