Explain the following cache to the main memory mapping scheme with the

Question

Explain the following cache to the main memory mapping scheme with the help of an example and a suitable diagram.
(i) Directcache mapping
(ii) Four-way set associative cache mapping

30 Nov 2023

Answer :

Word Count : 618

### (i) Direct Cache Mapping

Direct cache mapping is the simplest method of mapping main memory blocks to cache lines. In this scheme, each block in main memory maps to a fixed location in the cache, based on the block address and cache size. The cache line is determined using the following formula:

\[
\text{Cache Line Number} = (\text{Block Address}) \mod (\text{Number of Cache Lines})
\]

Each cache line contains:
1. Tag field: To store the upper bits of the block address.
2. Block data: The actual data fetched from memory.

#### Example:
- Assume a cache with 8 lines (indexed 0 to 7) and a main memory containing 32 blocks (block addresses 0 to 31).
- If a block is to be placed in the cache, its cache line is determined by:
\[
\text{Cache Line Number} = (\text{Block Address}) \mod 8
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