Explain the factors affecting metamorphism, in detail.

Metamorphism refers to the process by which pre-existing rocks undergo changes in mineral composition, texture, and structure due to various factors such as temperature, pressure, and chemical conditions. These changes occur when rocks are subjected to different conditions deep within the Earth, where they experience increased heat and pressure, or interact with fluids. The factors affecting metamorphism can be broadly categorized into five main groups: temperature, pressure, time, composition of the parent rock, and the presence of chemically active fluids.

1. Temperature: Temperature plays a crucial role in metamorphism. As temperature increases, the minerals in the parent rock become more unstable, and this drives the process of metamorphism. The temperature range for metamorphism generally lies between 200°C and 800°C. At temperatures below 200°C, the mineral changes are minimal, while above 800°C, melting of the rock may begin, resulting in an igneous rather than a metamorphic rock. Temperature affects the mineral stability and causes recrystallization, where minerals become larger or form _______ ________ ________ _______ _____ __________.
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