Explain the dual method for the valuation of shares

The dual method for the valuation of shares, often referred to as the dividend discount model (DDM) and the earnings-based valuation model, provides a comprehensive approach to determining the intrinsic value of a company's equity. This duality arises from the understanding that a company's value can be derived from both its expected future cash flows (in the form of dividends) and __________ __________ ________ ________ _________ ________.
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