Explain the differences between Indian and Western psychology

The term Indian psychology in contemporary literature has different meanings. If you read a few articles and books discussing about Indian Psychology, you will find that different authors use this term with slightly varied connotations. They emphasize different aspects. Some highlight the ‘spiritual view’ and others ‘socio-cultural view.’ When differentiation between Western and non-Western/Asian Psychology emerged within modern psychology itself, some advocated “indigenization” of psychology and others development of “indigenous” psychology. Thus, we find the terms “indigenous,” “indigenization” and “Indian” psychology being sometimes used interchangeably leading to confusion. Hence, there is a need to differentiate these terms. You can see below the five different ways of understanding Indian psychology given by Salagame (Salagame, 2001; 2011).

a) Psychology in India – Many writers particularly those who are not professional psychologists like travellers, scholars from other disciplines, and a few foreign psychologists use the term Indian psychology in a general way to refer to the academic and professional status of the psychology discipline in India. All the other usages listed below can also be included here.

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