Word Count : 515

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The spectral reflectance of water varies significantly depending on its composition, particularly in relation to the presence of phytoplankton or chlorophyll. Clear water typically exhibits low reflectance across the visible spectrum, with a slight increase in the blue region (around 450–500 nm) due to scattering, and strong absorption in the red and near-infrared regions. This is because pure water absorbs longer wavelengths strongly, allowing only shorter blue wavelengths to be slightly reflected, giving clear water its characteristic blue appearance in satellite imagery or field spectrometry. In contrast, water rich in chlorophyll shows increased reflectance in the green region (around 550 nm) because chlorophyll absorbs mainly in the blue (around 430–450 nm) and red (around 660–680 nm) regions for photosynthesis. The presence of chlorophyll reduces reflectance in the blue ____ ___ _________ _________ __________ ___ __________ __________ ________ _______ ___ _______.
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