Explain the concept of call by reference, with suitable code in C for each. Give advantage and disadvantage of call by reference

In C programming, the concept of "call by reference" allows a function to modify the value of a variable in the calling code by passing its memory address instead of the actual value. This means that any changes made to the parameter within the function will affect the original variable outside the function.

To demonstrate this concept, let's consider an example using a swap function to interchange the values of two integers.

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