Explain the changes and continuity within caste system in contemporary Indian society. 

The caste system in contemporary Indian society exhibits both changes and continuity, shaped by historical legacies, constitutional mandates, socio-economic transformations, and globalization. While structural shifts have altered the traditional caste order, deep-rooted practices continue to persist, influencing social interactions, economic opportunities, and political dynamics.  

### Changes in the Caste System  

1. Legal and Constitutional Safeguards  
   The Indian Constitution, through provisions like Article 15, 17, and 46, prohibits caste-based discrimination and untouchability. Affirmative action in the form of reservations in education, employment, and political representation has empowered historically marginalized groups such as Scheduled Castes (SCs), Scheduled Tribes (STs), and Other Backward Classes (OBCs).  

2. Urbanization and Economic Modernization  
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