Explain the applications of geoinformatics in disaster risk reduction.

Disasters are spatial in nature as they strike at a specific location and influence a particular area. Hence, location intelligence plays a critical role in disaster management. GIS coupled with remote sensing provides a basic framework that helps in all the stages of disaster management starting from preparedness, to response and recovery. Through advanced wireless technologies and web-based GIS applications, disaster management by governments and other agencies is being revolutionized and is enhancing the coordination of response efforts as well as planning for disaster risk reduction. GIS decision support systems for disaster have been applied in several parts of the world for effective management. For assessing disaster risks, one needs an understanding of key disaster event characteristics such as location of impact (for example, earthquake epicenter, cyclone landfall), physical characteristics (magnitude in case of earthquakes, central pressure in case of cyclones), local conditions like land use and type and height of structures.

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