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Descent theory is one of the most influential approaches in the anthropological and sociological study of kinship. It explains how individuals trace their ancestry through a recognized line of descent and how this shapes social organization, inheritance, authority, and group identity. In the context of North India, descent theory has been widely applied to understand the structure and functioning of kinship systems, particularly in rural societies where lineage and family relationships play a central role in social life. North Indian kinship is predominantly patrilineal, meaning descent is traced through the male line. A child belongs to the father's lineage, inherits the father's family name, property, and social status, and continues the paternal lineage. Descent theory helps explain why the father-son relationship is considered the foundation of family continuity. Sons are expected to perform religious rituals for ancestors, inherit family __________ ________ ___ ______ ____ _______ _________ _______.
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