Explain the ACID properties of a transaction. What are the problems of concurrent execution of transactions? How can you use locking to solve this problem.
The ACID properties are a set of principles that ensure the reliability and consistency of database transactions. ACID stands for Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, and Durability. Let's examine each property:
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Atomicity: Atomicity ensures that a transaction is treated as a single, indivisible unit of work. It means that either all the operations in a transaction are executed successfully, or none of them are executed at all. If any part of the transaction fails, the entire transaction is rolled back, and the database returns to its original state.
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