Explain general maintenance practices for substation and distribution lines.

In a power distribution system, the general maintenance practices for substations and distribution lines are crucial to ensure reliable power supply and minimize downtime.

For substations, regular maintenance includes:

1. Inspection of Equipment: Checking transformers, circuit breakers, and other critical components for wear, leakage, or damage. This involves visual inspections and the use of infrared thermography to detect overheating issues.
   
2. Cleaning: Dust, dirt, and moisture can damage electrical equipment. Cleaning of equipment, such as bushings, insulators, and cooling systems, is done regularly to prevent dirt buildup that can lead to insulation failures.

3. Oil Testing: For transformers, the oil used for cooling and insulation must be checked periodically for ____ ______ ________ ____ ______.
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