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Emile Durkheim, one of the founding figures of sociology, made significant contributions to understanding how societies maintain cohesion and order. His work on the division of labour is central to his theory of social solidarity, as presented primarily in his seminal work, *The Division of Labour in Society* (1893). Durkheim’s concept is not merely about economic specialization or occupational roles; it is deeply sociological, emphasizing how labor differentiation shapes social bonds, moral order, and collective consciousness. Durkheim begins by contrasting traditional societies with modern industrial societies. In traditional societies, characterized by small populations and relatively simple social structures, the division of labour is minimal. Most individuals perform similar tasks, often within family or community settings. This type of social organization leads to what Durkheim calls mechanical solidarity. Mechanical solidarity arises from the homogeneity of individuals, shared values, beliefs, and norms. People feel connected because they are alike, and conformity to common norms sustains social order. In such societies, the law is predominantly _________ _________ _______ _________ _________ ___ __________ _______ ________ _____ ________.
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