Examine the issue of governance and development in Africa.

Governance has long been suspected to be a major impediment to African economic development. This suspicion came to the fore in the late 1970s when African economies suffered major setbacks after independence. In a 1981 report, commissioned by the Bretton Woods Institutions, Accelerated Development in Sub-Saharan Africa: An Agenda for Action, 1 which came to be known simply as the “Berg Report,” poor governance was highlighted as a major culprit responsible for Africa’s poor state of economic health. Its proposed solutions were numerous: market liberalization; anti-inflationary macroeconomic stabilization; massive privatization of state-owned enterprises; strict debt management; effective control of budget deficits; curtailment of government spending, including severely limiting government subsidies for ____ _______ _______ ______ _____ _________ __________ _____ _______.
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