Distinguish between unitary and federal systems.

Unitary and federal systems are two distinct forms of governance that define the distribution of power between central and regional or local governments. The key difference lies in the degree of autonomy granted to regional governments, with unitary systems concentrating power at the national level and federal systems distributing power between national and subnational entities.

In a unitary system, the central government holds supreme power, and any administrative divisions or regional governments derive their authority from the central government. The central government may choose to delegate powers to lower levels of government, but it retains the ability to revoke or modify these powers at any time. In practice, this means that local governments have limited authority and are largely dependent on the decisions made by the central government. A unitary system typically operates with a single legal framework, ensuring uniformity in laws, policies, and regulations across the entire country. Countries like the United Kingdom, France, and Japan are examples of unitary states where centralization ___ _________ ___ __________ _____ _____ __________ _______ __________ _______ _________ ___.
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