Question

Distinguish between sample survey and census. Describe the steps you would follow in collecting data though a sample survey. Prepare a small questionnaire for collection of income and expenditure levels of households.

06 Mar 2026
Answer :
Word Count : 1079
In statistics, the collection of data is an essential step for analysis and decision-making. Two important methods used for data collection are census and sample survey. Both methods aim to obtain information about a population, but they differ in their approach, cost, time requirement, and accuracy. A census refers to the complete enumeration of all units of a population. In this method, information is collected from each and every individual, household, or unit belonging to the population under study. Since every element is included, the results obtained from a census are generally more accurate and reliable. For example, the national population census conducted by governments counts every person in the country. The main advantage of the census method is that it provides comprehensive and detailed information about the entire population without relying on estimation. However, it also has several limitations. Conducting a census requires a large amount of time, manpower, and financial resources. It is often impractical when the population is very large or widely dispersed. In addition, by the time the data is collected and processed, the conditions ____ _____ _________ _________ _____ _______ __________.
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