Discuss the various environmental factors causing the physical deterioration.

Preservation and conservation of library materials is essential to maintaining the integrity of historical, cultural, and academic records. These materials, whether books, manuscripts, photographs, or maps, are susceptible to various environmental factors that can accelerate physical deterioration. Understanding these factors is key to preventing irreversible damage and ensuring the longevity of library collections.

One of the primary environmental factors causing deterioration is temperature. Excessive heat accelerates the degradation of organic materials, such as paper, leather, and cloth, which make up most library materials. High temperatures promote the breakdown of cellulose fibers in paper, leading to brittleness and discoloration. Heat also causes the deterioration of adhesives used in bookbinding, further weakening the structural integrity of materials. Ideally, library materials should be stored in environments where the temperature is maintained _______ ______ _______ ___ __________ _________ ___ _____ ______.
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