Discuss the principle of solvent extraction.

Solvent extraction, also known as liquid-liquid extraction or partitioning, is a separation technique used to selectively separate or purify substances from a mixture based on their relative solubilities in two immiscible liquids. This process is widely employed in various industries, including chemistry, pharmaceuticals, food processing, and metallurgy, to isolate specific components from complex mixtures. The principle of solvent extraction is based on the differences in solubility and distribution of the target substance(s) between the two immiscible phases.

Here's a breakdown of the principle and process of solvent extraction:

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