Discuss the overseas trade of Indian merchants in the 15th century. What was the impact of Portuguese on Indian overseas trade?

The long standing economic image of Indian subcontinent as totally

agrarian, especially in the context of early medieval period, has changed

considerably in the historical researches of recent past. These researches show that

there was an active non-agrarian sector of the traditional economy though it

remained ‘firmly rooted to overarching agrarian material milieu’.1 Sustained scholarly

efforts also show that urbanization, craft production and trade were quite visible in

India up to c. AD 1300. Economic historians, roughly from the middle of the 1980s,

have highlighted the significance of Indian Occean in the trading activities and

linkages of India in the oceanic trade net-work. Their researches have successfully

negated the widely believed stigma that Indians were averse to seafaring in order

to retain their ritual purity, and such attitudes were available in the normative

Brahmanical law books, and at the most, these were probably applicable only to

the priestly community. On the contrary we find the existence of a ‘commercial

economy that incorporated many societies of Eurasia and Africa’ and its economic

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