Discuss the mechanism of transformation in bacteria with appropriate example and diagram.

Transformation is a process by which bacteria can uptake foreign genetic material (usually DNA) from their surroundings and incorporate it into their own genome. This acquired DNA can provide new genetic traits to the bacteria, such as antibiotic resistance or the ability to utilize new nutrients. The process of bacterial transformation can be divided into several key steps:

1. Uptake of DNA: In the first step, bacteria take up extracellular DNA from their environment. This DNA can be _____ _________ _______ ________ _________ _______.
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