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In the field of co-operative law, disputes are inevitable as co-operative societies involve the participation of members with diverse backgrounds, interests, and expectations. To preserve the democratic character of co-operatives and ensure smooth functioning, specific machineries are provided under the Co-operative Societies Acts at both central and state levels for resolving disputes. The philosophy behind these mechanisms is to ensure speedy, specialized, and less expensive adjudication compared to ordinary civil courts. Disputes in co-operatives generally revolve around membership issues, elections, management, liability of members, recovery of dues, and contractual obligations between the society and its members or third parties. Legislations across different states provide that such disputes should be referred to the Registrar of Co-operative Societies or other authorities specifically empowered under the Act. This statutory mechanism avoids unnecessary delays and ensures that disputes are settled by officers with expertise in co-operative matters. One of the primary machineries available for dispute resolution is the office of the Registrar of Co-operative Societies. Almost all Co-operative Societies Acts provide that if a dispute arises touching the constitution, management, or business of a co-operative society, it shall be referred to the Registrar for decision. The Registrar may decide the dispute himself or transfer it for disposal to an arbitrator appointed by him. This mechanism ensures that disputes are not taken to ordinary courts, thereby reducing the burden ____ _________ ___ ____ ___ _______ _______ ___.
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