Discuss the different models of mental health as conceptualized by Vaillant, 2003.

Mentalhealth may be conceptualised along the following six constructs or the models(Vaillant, 2003; Vaillant & Vaillant, 2009):

a) Mental health is above normal

b) Mental health as maturity

c) Mental health as positive or spiritual emotions

d) Mental health as socio-emotional intelligence

e) Mental health as subjective well-being

f) Mental health as resilience

ModelA– Mental Health asAbove Normal

According to this model, mental health is something above normal. Normalityis perceived as being on a continuum, encompassing the major portion of theadults on the continuum, while abnormality is the remainder. Thus, the normalrefers to the reasonable, rather than optimum level of functioning. However,mental health would be considered as above average. For example, in themilitary, a jet pilot must be required to be above average in mental health forhis occupational demands.

Model B – Mental Health as Maturity

This model conceptualises mental health as a state of maturity. The model isbased on the eight stages of human development, as described by ErikErikson in 1950 and the Harvard’s Study of Adult Development. Theassociation of mental health to maturity is probably mediated not only byprogressive brain myelinisation, as a person grows older, but also by theevolution of emotional and social intelligence through experience. In the Indianfamily system, looking to the elderly for advice in case of any crisis is anexample of looking to the mature mind (i.e. the perfectly healthy mind) forfinding a solution to the difficult situation.

Model C – Mental Health as Positive orSpiritual Emotions

This model defines both mental and spiritual health as the amalgam of thepositive emotions that bind us to other human beings. Recent advances inneuroscience and in the biological understanding of positive emotions havebrought out the significance of positive psychology.

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