Discuss the assessment of mental disorders in the elderly.

Evaluating history and clinical interview remain cornerstones of assessment of geriatric patient with mental health problem. Clinician/therapist must determine whether a patient understands the nature and purpose of the clinical assessment. When a patient is coanitively impaired, an independent history should be obtained from a fàmily member or caretaker. A complete history includes identification details (name, age, sex, and marital status), chief complaint, history ofthe present illness, history ofprevious illnesses, personal history, and ßmily history. The mental status examination offers a cross-sectional view ofhow a patient thinks, feels, and behaves during the examination. Symptoms elicited during history need to be thoroughly checked with mental status examination.

1. General Description

A general description of the patient includes appearance, speech, motor activity, and attitude towards the clinician. Change in motor activity (bodily movements) should be recorded. Many patients with cognitive problems seem to be slow in speech and movement. The patient’s speech may be pressured in cognitive dysfùnctions. Tearfiulness and overt crying may also occur in depressive and cognitive disorders, especially if the patient feels frustrated about being unable to answer any question.

2 Functional Assessment

The mental health professional! therapist must evaluate patients for their capacity to maintain independence and to perform the activities of daily lifé, which include self care. toileting. preparing meals, dressing, grooming, and eating. The degree of functional competence in their routine behaviors is an important consideration in formulating a treatment plan for these patients.

3 Mood, Feelings and Affect

The therapist should specifically ask the patient about any thoughts ofselfhann, loneliness. woilJ’Åessness Low mood and anxiety can also interfère with memory functioning. An expansive or euphoric mood may signal a dementia disorder. Frontal lobe dysfunction ofbrain often produces witzelsucht syndrome, which is the tendency to make puns and _______ ____ _________ _____ _____ ___ _____ ____ __________ ______.
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