Discuss status and distribution of forests in India. Discuss the impacts of deforestation.
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1. Status and Distribution of Forests in India:
India is endowed with diverse forest types ranging from tropical rainforests to alpine forests due to its varied climatic conditions and topography. The country's forest cover is distributed across different states, with some states having dense forests while others have sparse vegetation.
According to the India State of Forest Report (ISFR) 2019, the total forest and tree cover in India is 80.73 million hectares, which is approximately 24.56% of the country's total geographical area. The forest cover includes both reserved and protected forests along with open forests and tree cover outside the forests.
The distribution of forests in India can be broadly categorized into the following types:
- Tropical Rainforests: Found in regions with high rainfall such as the Western Ghats, parts of Northeast India, and the Andaman and Nicobar Islands.
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