Differentiate between Glycemic Load (GL) and Glycemic Index (GI), giving examples. 

Glycemic load (GIcarbohydratecontent) are independently associated with in-creased risk of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascu-lar disease. Postprandial hyperglycemia plays adirect pathogenic role in the disease process.Lower glucose and insulin levels are associatedwith improved risk proŽ le, including high-densitylipoprotein cholesterol, glycosylated proteins, ox-idative status, hemostatic variables, and endo-thelial function. Limited evidence suggests that alow-GI diet may also protect against obesity,colon cancer, and breast cancer. Diets with ahigh glycemic load may affect health differently ininsulin-resistant and insulin-sensitive individuals.Improvements in postprandial hyperglycemia canbe brought about by manipulating either the type(i.e., GI) or amount of dietary carbohydrate, orboth; at present, the GI appears to be moreeffective

The glycemic index concept is an extension of the fiber hypothesis, suggesting that fiber consumption reduces the rate of nutrient influx from the gut. The glycemic index has particular relevance to those chronic Western diseases associated with central obesity and insulin resistance. Early studies showed that starchy carbohydrate foods have very different effects on postprandial blood glucose and insulin responses in healthy and diabetic subjects, depending on the rate of digestion. A range of factors associated with food consumption was later shown to alter the rate of glucose absorption and subsequent glycemia and insulinemia. At ____ ___ _________ _______ ____ _______.
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