Describe various physical conditions leading to skin breakdown in a bed ridden patient.

Skin breakdown, also known as pressure ulcers or bedsores, is a serious medical condition that occurs due to prolonged pressure on the skin and underlying tissues. Bedridden patients, especially those with limited mobility, are at significant risk for developing pressure ulcers. Several physical conditions contribute to the development and exacerbation of skin breakdown in bedridden individuals:

1. Pressure:
   • Prolonged pressure on bony prominences such as heels, sacrum, hips, elbows, and the back of the head can impede blood flow, leading to tissue ischemia and, ultimately, tissue necrosis.
2. Shear Force:
   • Shear occurs when the skin moves in one direction while underlying tissues move in the opposite direction. It can result from sliding down in bed or being moved without proper lifting techniques, causing damage to blood vessels and tissue.
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