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The pyruvate dehydrogenase complex plays a central role in cellular metabolism by acting as a multienzyme complex that links glycolysis with the tricarboxylic acid cycle. It catalyzes the irreversible oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate to form acetyl coenzyme A, carbon dioxide, and reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide. This reaction is a key regulatory point in energy metabolism, determining whether pyruvate is directed toward aerobic oxidation or alternative pathways such as lactate formation. As a multienzyme complex, the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex consists of three distinct enzymes working in a coordinated manner. These enzymes are pyruvate dehydrogenase, dihydrolipoyl transacetylase, and dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase. Each enzyme has a specific catalytic function, but their close physical association allows the overall _______ _________ _____ ___ ___ __________.
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