Describe the physical and chemical processes involved in the treatment of waste water.

Wastewaters containing water insoluble substances or colloids are effectively treated through processes such as sedimentation, filtration and centrifugal separation. Flotation, where substance particles stick to fine air bubbles due to adhesive forces is another process that, depending on the wastewater’s composition, Reliable, mechanical preliminary cleaning is particularly important for the treatment of sanitary wastewaters in order to prevent damage in the subsequent treatment stages.

Chemical wastewater treatment forces contaminants that are dissolved in wastewater to separate more easily through the targeted addition of specific substances. During precipitation, a previously dissolved substance is turned into a dissoluble substance that can be filtered from the liquid. Other methods of pollutant removal are ion exchange, flocculation, UV and ozone treatments.

Screens and strainer remove solid contaminants from wastewater. These mechanical processes separate solid pollutants such as diapers, hair, and wet wipes from the wastewater stream. Before the treatment of industrial wastewaters, strainer separate textile fibers, paper labels, plastic residuals, and production residues such as potato peels and other scraps and wastes.

Depending on the area of application, coarse or fine screens are used. They clean the wastewater by means of parallel rods. Strainer feature grits, screens, perforations and meshes of varying sizes. Coarse strainer (> 20 mm) to micro (<0.05 mm) separate solid substances as large as human waste to as small as sand and tiny sludge particles from the wastewater stream.

Extremely important is the mechanical preliminary cleaning in the treatment of sanitary wastewaters. Fibers suspended in the wastewater pose a particular ________ ___ ______ _____ __________ ______ ______ ________ _________ ______ ___ ________.
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