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The Green Revolution in India refers to a period beginning in the mid-1960s when major changes were introduced in agricultural practices through the adoption of high-yielding variety (HYV) seeds, chemical fertilizers, pesticides, irrigation facilities, and modern mechanization. This revolution was initiated primarily to tackle the recurring food shortages, dependency on imports, and to achieve self-sufficiency in food grains. The Green Revolution marked a turning point in Indian agriculture and significantly impacted rural development, food security, and socio-economic conditions. While it brought many benefits, it also generated several drawbacks and challenges that continue to influence Indian agriculture and rural life today. The key features of the Green Revolution can be analyzed through its technological, economic, and social aspects. One of the foremost features was the introduction of HYV seeds, particularly for wheat and rice, which drastically increased productivity compared to traditional seeds. These seeds, when combined with intensive use of fertilizers and irrigation, helped in doubling and even tripling the yields of certain crops. Punjab, Haryana, and Western Uttar Pradesh became the primary beneficiaries as these regions had relatively better irrigation infrastructure and were more suitable for large-scale cultivation. Another feature of the Green Revolution was the extensive use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides. Traditional organic methods of farming were supplemented and often __________ ___ _______ ______ ___ ________ ____ _____ ________ ___ ______ ______.
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