Describe the causes of drought.

Drought is a prolonged period of abnormally low precipitation, leading to a water shortage in an area. The causes of drought can be natural, human-induced, or a combination of both. These causes span various environmental, climatic, and human activities that contribute to the disruption of normal water supply cycles.

One of the primary natural causes of drought is the variability in climate and weather patterns. The Earth’s climate system is subject to cyclical changes, with some regions naturally experiencing prolonged dry periods due to atmospheric conditions. For instance, the El Niño and La Niña phenomena, which result from changes in sea surface temperatures in the Pacific Ocean, have been shown to impact global weather patterns significantly. El Niño events typically cause drier conditions in regions like Southeast Asia, India, and parts of Africa, leading to droughts. Conversely, La Niña may cause increased rainfall in some areas, but it can __________ __________ ___ ________ _____ ________.
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