Describe Munch Pressure Flow Model & Protosmotic Model for the mechanism of translocation in phloem

The pressure flow hypothesis introduced by Ernst Münch in 1930 describes a mechanism of osmotically generated pressure differentials that are supposed to drive the movement of sugars and other solutes in the phloem, but this hypothesis has long faced major challenges. 

The Mass Flow Hypothesis was first proposed by German plant physiologist Ernst Munch in the year 1930. He theorised the movement of sap through the phloem tissue in plants. This theory is also known as the Pressure Flow Hypothesis. A highly concentrated organic sugar especially sugar in the cells of the phloem from a source like __________ ___ __________ _________ _____.
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