Describe how protocols and standards allow computers to exchange data across the Internet .

Protocols and standards play a crucial role in enabling computers to exchange data across the Internet seamlessly. These frameworks provide a common set of rules and guidelines that facilitate communication between diverse devices and systems. In the realm of Information Communication Technologies (ICT), the Internet relies on a variety of protocols and standards to ensure the smooth and efficient exchange of data. Let's delve into the key aspects of how protocols and standards enable this data exchange.

### Protocols: The Language of Communication

Protocols serve as the language that computers use to communicate with each other. They define the rules and conventions for data transmission, addressing, error handling, and more. Several protocols operate at different layers of the OSI (Open Systems Interconnection) model, which ____ ________ __________ ________ _____ ______ _______ ______.
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