Describe approaches to poverty alleviation and impact of its programme in India.

Poverty alleviation is a central issue for the Indian government, especially given the large rural population and the socio-economic disparities that exist across the country. Over the years, several poverty alleviation programs have been launched to address the root causes of poverty, ranging from income inequality to lack of access to basic amenities such as healthcare, education, and housing. These programs, specifically tailored to the needs of the rural poor, seek to enhance their living standards, create employment opportunities, and improve access to social services. 

### Approaches to Poverty Alleviation

1. Income Generation Programs:  
   One of the primary approaches to poverty alleviation in rural India is through income-generation schemes. These schemes aim to provide rural families with the means to earn a livelihood, thereby improving their economic condition. Examples include the *National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA)*, which guarantees 100 days of wage employment to rural households, and the *Pradhan Mantri Mudra Yojana (PMMY)*, which offers micro-financing for small businesses. These programs enable individuals to take up small-scale entrepreneurial activities, thus reducing dependence on seasonal agriculture or low-paying casual work.

2. Self-Help Groups (SHGs):  
   Self-Help Groups have played a crucial role in empowering rural women and alleviating poverty by promoting savings and credit access. These groups, typically formed by women in rural areas, pool resources and lend them to members for income-generating activities. The *National Rural Livelihood Mission (NRLM)*, also known as *Aajeevika*, has been instrumental in promoting SHGs ____ ___ _________ _______ ____ __________ __________ ___ ___ __________ ___ _____.
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