Define synthetic oligonucleotides. Explain the steps involved in their synthesis.
Synthetic oligonucleotides are short, single-stranded fragments of nucleic acids, typically DNA or RNA, that are artificially created in laboratories. They are used in various biotechnological applications, including PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction), gene synthesis, sequencing, and antisense therapy. These oligonucleotides are sequences of nucleotides (the building blocks of DNA and RNA) that are synthesized in a controlled manner to have specific sequences that serve a targeted purpose in experiments or therapeutic interventions.
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