Define learning. Elucidate the principles of classical conditioning with the help of Pavlov’s experiment.

Learning is the process of acquiring new understanding, knowledge, behaviors, skills, values, attitudes, and preferences. The ability to learn is possessed by humans, animals, and some machines; there is also evidence for some kind of learning in certain plants. Some learning is immediate, induced by a single event , but much skill and knowledge accumulate from repeated experiences. The changes induced by learning often last a lifetime, and it is hard to distinguish learned material that seems to be "lost" from that which cannot be retrieved.

Classical conditioning is a form of associative learning, first discovered by Russian physiologist, Ivan Pavlov, while experimenting on digestion process of dogs.

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